Improvement in water-closets



BQHOB-SO N 8v J; MIDDLETON, Jr.

v WATER CLOSET. No. 97,639. A Patented Dec. 7, 1869.

llll u \Wbmetffw Tu: Norms Perms co. PHOTO-1140.. WASHINGTON. n. c

- Letters Patent No. 97,639, dated December 7. 1869.

saw manta.

" IMPROVEMENT m wA'rnn-cnosn'rs.

The Schedule referred to in theseLetterl Pateht'and" making part of thesame.

Galifinniznliave invented a new aritluseful Improvement in ater-Closets.

Nature and Object oftlic Inception. I i I The primary object of ourinvention is the adapta tion of the washing-apparatus of thecloset,witho ut complication of parts, to discharge regularly, aftereach use of the closet, a sufficient quantity of water to cleanse .the.bowl, and no more, and to be incapable of discharging without thedepression and elevation of the seat accompanying use, in order toprevent waste of water.

Our invention consists- First, in a novel construction and arrangementof the valves of the three-way cock employed to connect thesupply-cistern and bowl-discharge pipes, adapting them to be operated bythe depression of the seat in proper order to first completely close thepassage. connecting the cistern and bowl, and subsequently to open thepassage from the supply-pipe to the cistern, being instantaneouslyreversed, on the release of the seat by their elevation, by means oiseparate springs.

Second, in providing the upper .valve with a horizontal flange or disk,supplied with suitable packing, and serving to close the top of thestock, and, as a stop, to regulate the extent of movement of the valves.

Third, in arranging the opening of the supply-pipe directly underthe'lower valve, (employed to govern it,) in order to canse'the pressureof the water to as-' sist in closing said valve. 7

Fourth, in the employment of a tank or cistern, of contracted size, soas to contain only a suiiicie'nt quantity of water -for the requisitedischarge,'and provided with an air-valve, actuated by the watertherein, to open and close it to the atmosphere,as required, to permitthe-ii'ee flow of the water into and from it, and to prevent itsoverflow.

Description of the Drawings.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 represents an elevation, partly insection,

' of the complete closet. I

Figure 2,.a longitudinal section, on an enlarged scale, of the three-waycook or valve, detached.

General Description.

In references to the drawings, similar letters and marks indicate likeparts in the two figures."

L, in the drawings, represents the bowl ofa hopper;

W, the seat;

Q, the cistern; 1

M, the three-way cook or valve;

form to adapt it, through N P 0, the three branches or couplings of thecock M, for the attachment, respectively, of the supplycistern andbowl-discharge pipes;

N; the supply-pipe; P, the pipe connecting the cistern and cook;

' O, th'e pipe leading fromthe cook to the bowl;

A, the upper valve of the cock, or the valve governiug thebowl-discharge;

I, the lower valve, or that port;

H, the stem of the lower valve; 1*, the stem of the upper valve, orwhich the cock is operated;

G K, the spring, for elevating or supporting the valves A I and theiraccessories;

governing the supplythat through of the spring K, and guidanceof thestem H of the valve 1; and

E, acorresponding bridge in the lower end of the valve A,.for theguidance of the upper end of the stem H; p

U, a'hange or shoulder on the stem F, for the engagement ot' the springG;

B B, perforations of the valve A;

G D, the flange or disk andelastic washer or packing of the valve A; v

V, an elastic annular disk, forming the seat of the valve I;

S,-the airwalve of the cistern;

T, its stem; and

It, the float by which it is operated.

The several parts may he of an y material and form consistent with theiruse and operation, as stated. Those forming no part of the invention,maybe of the usual or other suitable construction.

A practical manner of constructing the stock of the cock M, andarranging its passages, seats, 8m, is clearly shown in fig. 20ftherlrawings.

The opening of the supply-pipe in the cock being directly under thelower valve, as shown, the hydraulic pressure from the main serves'toassist in elevating said valve.

When the opening is otherwise located, side pressurc on the spring isliable to retard its closure.

The form of the lower valve is unimportant so long as it opens downward.

The upper valve is made in the form of a hollow plunger, having itswater-ways in its bottom and sides, as shown,

closed.

The air-valve of the cistern may be of any suitable its connections, toclose on the elevationof the water, and open on its descent,

J, a bridge in the supply-passage, for the support to enable it to bedepressed below its seat, to operate the lower valve after vit has beencompletely The size. of the cistern, as before stated, should be such asto adapt itrto contain only so much water as is necessary to cleanse thebowl after its use, and its elevation sufficient to impart the necessarypressure.

A pipe, X, mayfas shown, lead from the air-valve S to some safe point toprevent damage in case 'of leakage of said valve.

Operation.

--valve 8 of the cistern opened by the descent of the water therein bygravity, acting through the float R and stem T; and the water flowingfreelythrough the pipe P, water-way P, the interior of the valve A andits perforations or slots B B, the water-way O, and

- pipe 0, to the bowl or hopper. --On the exhaustion of the supply ofwater in the cistern Q, the discharge ceases.

The seat W being depressed, as by aperson sitting on it, through thestem F, the valve A is first act-- uated and depressed until itsperforations B are below its seat, and the passage between the cisternand bowl or hopper completely closed. Its continued depression bringingit in contact with the stem H of the lower valve I, said valve is alsoactuated, opening the passage 0, N, N, P, 1", and allowing the cistern,to-

be filled therethrough.

The air-valve S of the cistern, which had been held open by the gravityof its float R, on the water reaching said float, is closed, and theflow stopped.

On the seat being released, it is elevated, and sup-f ported by thespring G through the stem F, the valve A, by the same means, being alsoelevated, opening the bowl-discharge. During this action, and previousto the opening of the lmwl-discharge passage, the supply-port is closedby the independent projection of the valve I by the spring K and thepressure of the water.

On the opening of the bowldischarge, the water in the cistern isreleased, and discharged in the manner before described.

During the discharge, the flange or disk 0, of the valve A, with itswasher or packing D, prevents the escape of water at the top of thecook, the necessity for stuffing-boxes being thus obviated by it.

In the movements of said valve, it forms a stop, to regulate or limitthe same; the packing in this use, serving to prevent scratching.

It will be seen that the passages are opened by their valves only on thecompletion of the movements of the seat, and thus any operation of theapparatus by less than this is prevented.

The valves opening and closing in the order described, allleakage'isprevented; and in connection with such valve-mechanism, the cistern isenabled. to determine accurately the quantity of water used.

Claims.

We claim, as our invention- 1. The bowl-discharge valve A, constructedand a r ranged, substantially as represented and described, to

operate in combination with the supply-port valve I,

in the 'inanner and for the purpose set, forth.

2. The combination, with the valve A, arranged and operating asdescribed, of the flange or disk 0, and packing D, as and for thepurpose shown.

3. In combination with the supply-port valve I, its stem'H, and springK, the stem or coupling NHL for the connection of the supply-pipe, asconstructed and arranged, in the manner shown and described, for thepurposes set forth.

4. In the described combination with the other parts of a water-closetwashing-apparatus, substantially as herein described, themeasuring-cistern or tank Q, as provided with an automatic air-valve, RS, and constructed and arranged as set forth, for the purpose shown.

JOHN B. HOBSON. JOHN MIDDLETON, JB. Witnesses:

G. 'WmGs'rn, FRANK E; BROWN.

